A Foldback Current Limiting circuit provides overcurrent/short-circuit protection by reducing the output voltage AND current in the event of a fault. The benefit of having a low short-circuit current is that the faulty load and the pass transistor don't sustain server damage. Having a low short circuit current helps protect the pass transistor from overheating. The Short-Circuit current is 32mA, and the Knee Current (the current at which it trips) is 72mA.
Wikipedia: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foldback_(power_supply_design)
Source of the circuit: https://electronics.stackexchange.com/questions/299389/how-can-i-calculate-knee-current-for-this-foldback-current-limiter
Later, I will implement this in my 5V regulator circuit and talk about the advantages of this type of current limiting over the traditional constant current type of protection in more detail.
Thanks to kiani for the circuit idea.
