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urdans
modified 1 year ago

Efecto de voltajes internos en la medicion de resistencia

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La fuente de voltaje de la derecha y la resistencia de 100 mega-ohm representan al ohmetro que esta siendo usado para determinar la resistencia del resistor de la izquierda (el de 1 Mega). La posicion inicial de los switches indica que la fuente de 1V y la resistencia de 1K no forman parte del circuito. Originalmente la corriente que el ohmetro lee es de 49.5 nano amperios. El voltaje en las terminales de la resistencia de 1 M es de 49.5mV. El ohmetro leera 49.5mV/49.5nA = 1 mega ohm, que es el valor de la resistencia que se desea medir, la de 1 mega. Caso 1: si se cierra el switche del medio, la corriente leida por el ohmetro sera de 50nA y el voltaje en la residencia de 1k sera de 49.9uV. La resistencia leida sera 49.9uV/50nA = 998 ohm (el ohmetro compensa internamente para dar con el valor correcto y remover el efecto de su resistencia interna). Caso 2: dejando el switche del medio cerrado, y actuando sobre el switche de la izquierda (el de 3 polos), el ohmetro va a leer 1.05mV/50nA=21k, pero en realidad debio haber leido 999 ohms que es el resultado del paralelo de la resistencia de 1m y la de 1k. Si el voltaje de la fuente de 1V (de la izquierda) se ajusta para ser menor, cuanto menor sea, mas se acercara la lectura del ohmetro al valor real de 999ohms. En particular, si el voltaje se ajusta a 1mV, la resistencia leida por el ohmetro sera de 50.9uV/50nA= 1018 ohms. Si el voltaje de esa fuente cambia de polaridad y es ahora -1 voltio, la resistencia leida sera de -999uV/50nA=19.98K
published 1 year ago
Redstone_guy
1 year ago
Translation: The voltage source on the right and the resistance of 100 mega-ohm represent the ohm meter that is being used to determine the resistance of the resistor on the left (the one of 1 Mega). The initial position of the switches indicates that the 1V source and the 1K resistor are not part of the circuit. Originally the current that the ohmmeter reads is 49.5 nano amps. The voltage at the terminals of the 1 M resistor is 49.5mV. The ohmmeter will read 49.5mV/49.5nA = 1 mega ohm, which is the value of the resistance you want to measure, that of 1 mega. Case 1: if the middle switch is closed, the current read by the ohmmeter will be 50nA and the voltage in the residence of 1k will be 49.9uV. The resistance read will be 49.9uV/50nA = 998 ohm (the ohmmeter compensates internally to find the correct value and remove the effect of its internal resistance). Case 2: leaving the middle switch closed, and acting on the left switch (the 3-pole one), the ohmmeter will read 1.05mV/50nA=21k, but in reality it should have read 999 ohms which is the result of the parallel of the 1m resistance and the 1k resistance. If the voltage of the 1V source (from the left) is adjusted to be lower, the lower it is, the closer the ohmmeter reading will be to the real value of 999ohms. In particular, if the voltage is adjusted to 1mV, the resistance read by the ohmeter will be 50.9uV/50nA= 1018 ohms. If the voltage of that source changes polarity and is now -1 volt, the resistance read will be -999uV/50nA=19.98K

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