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jason9
modified 7 years ago

What Should I Make Next

1
29
53
00:13:57
I kinda like digital circuits, but I wouldn't mind a challenge for a difficult analog circuit like an FM transmitter.
published 8 years ago
thebugger
8 years ago
You may wanna try something along the line of this http://everycircuit.com/circuit/6350493573185536 It's not very simple, but as far as good transmitters go, this is the simplest you could go without resorting to PLL. If done properly the frequency shouldn't deviate a lot. The modulation is being carried out direct into the tuned circuit at the most left. Instead of the 130pF capacitor, you add two varicap diodes anode to anode and two more small capacitors to their cathodes, all in parallel with a 100pF capacitor. At the centre tap of the two diodes, you add a small resistor (3.3k) and choke (1uH) and you introduce some tuning voltage (1-9V). This is where your audio source goes. You should also read in preemphasis of the audio signal before further action.
lmccoig
8 years ago
SSB rig?
thebugger
8 years ago
Need a linear power amp for SSB
jason9
8 years ago
Woah! That is way too complex for me. Maybe FM is still a bit too much for me. Why can't you just design a VCO and modulate the supply rail with the audio signal?
jason9
8 years ago
Will this work? http://everycircuit.com/circuit/6651120148807680
lmccoig
8 years ago
SSB is AM mode with carrier wave and one side band removed. Just making a suggestion analog project.
lmccoig
8 years ago
@ the bigger, I have NVIS antenna and 100 watt transmitter. Need more sunspots to bend my HF skywaves down at this time.
jason9
8 years ago
@Imccoig, I'm having trouble on how to produce one sideband but not the other. I thought of getting rid of the carrier making it so that one sideband would act as the carrier and the other would be the single side band, but that makes it a frequency doubler which is kind of cool but not very useful. Any ideas on how to make SSB AM? I could technically use an absurdly sharp cutoff filter to remove one sideband but not the other, but that would be impractical and I don't know how to make one without just sticking a bunch of normal filters in series.
lmccoig
8 years ago
I use Software Defined Radio with filters and digital signal processing. My Dad had older CB radio that had upper and lower side band settings. When I get chance I will try to look over early SSB circuits.
thebugger
8 years ago
I assume you want to make an SSB-SC transmitter, since you're talking about removing the carrier as well. This type of modulation requires a linear type of output amplifier, because the carrier suppression and side band rejection are all made before the signal gets amplified - in one of the first stages. Classically, you should use a balanced mixer to suppress the carrier, and a sharp cut-off filter, to reject one of the sidebands in one of the first stages of your transmitter. Then you need a linear amplifier to upscale the signal, because a class C amplifier can't recreate a suppressed carrier signal.
thebugger
8 years ago
http://everycircuit.com/circuit/5268981687779328
thebugger
8 years ago
Try an FM transmitter. It's not that hard. Even a simple VCO, if well shielded, should act nicely. Just add a buffer stage on the output of the VCO.
jason9
8 years ago
I already made that particular circuit, just using a Gilbert cell mixer instead of the type your using. My original intent wasn't to eliminate the carrier, it's just that by eliminating the carrier I got the SSB wave shape. I just need a way to either eliminate one sideband or not make that sideband at all. I wasn't actually planning on eliminating the carrier at all.
thebugger
8 years ago
I am not sure if you can omit any of the sidebands without suppressing the carrier first.
jason9
8 years ago
Ok. How can you do it with carrier suppression?
thebugger
8 years ago
The way I told you, a balanced mixer and a notch filter with specific Q.
jason9
8 years ago
Ok. Let's say that I have a balanced mixer creating a 500kHz AM signal without a carrier. What would the notch filter be? I'm not into the technical stuff of electronics, like Q and stuff, I just put components together into a notch filter and fiddle around until I have the right Q or whatever.
thebugger
8 years ago
A notch filter only responds to a single frequency. Depending on the Q factor the notch filter will have a certain bandwidth you'd need to cover. For instance you have a compressed signal of 8kHz and a suppressed carrier at 500kHz. You'd need the center frequency of your notch filter to be 504kHz and the Q factor of around 60.
jason9
8 years ago
Ok, I understand, but won't the quality of removing one sideband but not the other vary depending on the modulating frequency, with 20Hz being the lowest (with the two sidebands being nearly equal in strength) and 4kHz being the highest (with one sideband being at least a ten times stronger than the other if not better)?
thebugger
8 years ago
I didn't get the question really, sorry
jason9
8 years ago
I'm saying that if the two sidebands were at 504kHz and 496kHz, then the upper one would be blocked completely and the lower one blocked only partially if at all, which is good. But if the two sidebands are at any other frequencies, then it won't work as well, and if the sidebands are at 500.02kHz and 499.98kHz (like if the input is 20Hz), then the notch filter will be guaranteed completely 99.98% useless. There must be a better way. Do you know of any such better way?
thebugger
8 years ago
No, it doesn't work that way. The center frequency of the filter doesn't shift with the bandwidth. The filter would still be centered at 504kHz, and yes, even though 20Hz is somewhat a fringe frequency, the filter should be able to differentiate the lower sideband from the upper one.
thebugger
8 years ago
Alternatively you can cancel out one sideband by introducing a phase shifted image of the same bandwidth in a mixer.
jason9
8 years ago
To me, it seems very questionable that the filter will be able to effectively differentiate between 500.02kHz and 499.98kHz. I'll have to try that phase shift thing.
jason9
8 years ago
I can't figure out the phase shift thing, and just when I thought I had it, EC decided it was time to crash. Could you give me a little help?
thebugger
8 years ago
It won't differentiate these two frequencies, but the receiver also chooses which sideband to use, so suppressing the sideband at the transmitter is mostly done to preserve power.
thebugger
8 years ago
Phase shift of what?
jason9
8 years ago
@thebugger, this is the phase shift I'm talking about. You said it yourself: "Alternatively you can cancel out one sideband by introducing a phase shifted image of the same bandwidth in a mixer." Ok, so if the transmitter doesn't actually have to separate the sidebands, and I can't seem to find a way to decently do that, then I suppose that this conversation is over.
thebugger
8 years ago
I'm telling you how it's done. The transmitter suppresses the sideband just enough as to not waste much power on it. As far as the receiver is concerned, it chooses one of the sidebands irregardless of the existence of the other. Filters aren't ideal you know, you can't suppress it completely.

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