A full-wave rectifier is a circuit that converts the entire alternating current (AC) waveform into pulsating direct current (DC). Unlike a half-wave rectifier, it uses both halves of the input cycle, improving efficiency and output quality. This can be achieved with a bridge rectifier consisting of four diodes arranged in a bridge configuration. During each half-cycle, diodes conduct in pairs, ensuring current always flows in the same direction through the load. The resulting DC output has less ripple and higher average voltage, making full-wave rectifiers widely used in power supplies.
