An op-amp differentiator is a circuit that produces an output voltage proportional to the rate of change of the input signal. In this configuration, a capacitor is connected in series with the input to the inverting (−) terminal, while a resistor provides feedback from the output to the same terminal. The non-inverting (+) input is grounded. When a varying input signal is applied, the capacitor allows only changes in voltage to pass, causing the output to represent the derivative of the input. This makes the circuit useful for detecting fast signal transitions, edges, or high-frequency components.
