A simple AC rectifier and dual stage zener/transistor based voltage regulators. Rectifies US mains power and provides 2V DC to a series of LEDs.
The first stage of the dual rectifier can be bypassed by closing the switch. This helps demonstrate the extra ripple a single stage would produce.
Questions: This provides pretty stable DC, but there is some minute ripple left. How could I smooth the output even more? Audio applications probably would need a smoother output than I've achieved so far?
I know a larger cap would help some, but still will not eliminate the ripple. Thanks for any feedback!