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The flyback converter is found in nearly every low power power supplies, like f.e. smart phone chargers. It upsides is high efficiency and low cost, because with higher switching frequency the transformer can get smaller and smaller.
The main reason why buck/ boost converters, who serve the same application, aren't used, is, because the flyback converter galvanically isolates the mains and the output.
If you combine the flyback converter with a rectifier bridge ( you can find it i my other circuits) you have the full circuit for a smart phone charger ( besides the controll elements, which set the switching frequency)
The ratio U1/U2 can be set my the duty cycle ( pulse width) and/ or the ratio of turns of the transformer.
Side note: For smoother output, choose a higher capacitor and a higher switching frequency ( to reduce current ripple). Since ec runs into a numeric calculation error, I couldn't increase C or f.
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