This circuit turns 2 MOSFETs on and off alternately. There is a small "dead-time" which doesn't allow the 2 MOSFETs to be on simultaneously. This is achieved by slowing down the rise time of the pulse that switches on the MOSFET, but not the fall time. In this circuit, the dead time is around 4us.
So what is "dead-time"? It's just a very short period of time in whicn all "switches" are off. Why dead time? In circuits such as synchronous DC-DC converters (keep your eyes open for this one. I'm working on it and will publish it soon), both switches cannot be on at the same time as it will short the power supply. Hence, a small dead time is required between the closing of one switch and the opening of the other to prevent a short.
EC has decided to plot the green waveform in the negative. Argh!