Time intervals in an astable 555 circuit
Astable because it will run forever, repeating the cycle
The output of a 555 circuit in astable mode is a square wave
-------- TRY --------
Changing values of R1 (up 100k resistor) or R2 (down 100k resistor) or 10uF capacitor individualy to see the change it does on the cycle. See formulas below
Three important time measurements apply to a square wave:
T: The total duration of the wave, measured from the start of one high
pulse to the start of the next high pulse.
T high: The length of the high portion of the cycle.
T low: The length of the low portion of the cycle.
T is the sum of T high and T low. T is in seconds.
The values of these time constants depend on the values for the two resistors (R1 and R2) and the C1.
Formulas for calculating each of these time constants:
T = 0.7 × (R1 + 2R2) × C1
T high = 0.7 × (R1 + R2) × C1
T low = 0.7 × R2 × C1
Frequency = 1/T
Time in seconds
Capacitor charges through R1 and R2 and discharge through R2 only, this way the duty cycle is always greater than 50% (to be 50% it should charge and discharge through the same resistance, this limitation can be avoid adding a diode in parallel to R2, this way capacitor charges through R1 only and discharges through R2).
